Oil burner



Feb. s, 1927. 1,616,916

A. MlscH on. BURNER Filed Nov. 10. 1924' I 23 In 25 f I 24 /f 44 2a M l/ a I a 25 H 352 /7 /0 h 33 ./3 43 32- H /4 4o\ I I 26" at! I INVENTOR Patented F eb. 8, 1927.

AUGUSTUS MISCH, OF NEW 'ZYQRK, IN. FY.

'OIL BURNER.

Application .filedv November 10,1924. Serial No. 748,907.

" .the flame*andirijectiintothe same both from .belowand above the proper amount of air to render the fuel vapor combustible, andto attain this end without the use of blowers, compressors-or alike expensive and complicated n-iechanisms.

.Atfurther object of the: invention is. to pro- .videmeansifor obtaining a steady flame, irrespectiveof the changes of the -draught and pressures in and -ar0und the burner.

.Astill further object of thein'vention is .the provision of means whereby the "fuel vapor-iscaused toleave the vaporizing chamber under pressure and to .prevent the formation'ofsoot at the outlet orifice o'fjthe vaporiiing :chamber, said means being inherent in the improved burner construction and .not extraneous, asusual in devices o'fthis .t 'e. tilla further object of the invention is zto; provide a pilot burner wherein either liq-. uid fuel-or gaseous "fuel maybe used, and which Tie-provided with simple and efficient means for vaporizing Itheliquid fuel.

.Another object of theinvention is'to produce/aiburnerofthe type mentioned whichis simplein construction, efficient in operation, durable :in use and capable of-manu'facture on a commercial scale, or in other words one which is not sodifficult'tomanufacture, as

' to be beyond the reasonable cost of such a contrivance.

With these and other objects in view, whichwill more fully appear as the nature of ,the invention is better understood, the .same consists in .the combination, arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter described, pointed out in the appended claims andlillustrated in the accompanying draw- ..ings,it'being understood that many'changes gnay'bemade inzthe size and proportion of bowl 11, the latter being supported on *the will appear hereinafter. As appears from the several parts and details of construction within the scope of the appended claims, 7

without departing -fromithe'spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages o'fthe invention.

One of the many-possible embodiments of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a burner constructed in accordance with the present invention; and Fig. 2 .is a side elevation thereof, partly in section.

In the drawings, the numeral findicates a ring-shaped base, preferably in the form of -a truncated cone, in which is disposed a base-by ears 12, which project radiallyfrom the periphery of the saidbowl and spacethe latter from said base. The ears are, preferably, disposed equidistantly, whereby a plurality of passages is formedxbetween the bowland base, for a purpose hereinafter to be described. The bowl is'provi'ded with a centralpassage 13, around which "is formed an upwardly projecting flange 14. On this flange is supporte'da bell 15, spaced-from the said .fiange in the same manner asthe bowl '11 is spaced ,from'the baselOQ The peripheral portion 16 vof the bell overhangs the "flange 14. The bell is provided with/a central passage 17, around which "is .formed an upwardly extending fiange 18. "On the last-mentioned flange is supported a bell'19,

the'latter being smaller than'the bell 15,"its

peripheral portion 20 overhanging'the flange "flangeis supporteda burner body 23,"spaced from the flange 22, the said burner body having a lip 24 overhanging the 'fiange22. Each of the bells is provided with an annular depression 25, the purpose of which the foregoing, air entering the base "from below passes through the passages l between the base 10 and the'bowlll, and between the latter-and the several'bells rand-the burner body. These passages are concentrically arranged, each of the same being widerat its passes through these passages, is'thuslincreased, it passing forcibly thr ough the said bar.

burner construction, in the same manner as if it were injected from below into the space above the burner.

The burner body 23 includes a downwardly projecting cylindrical extension 25, the same projecting centrally through the several bells, the bowl 11 and the base 10, and extending also through a bar 26 which is placed against the bottom of the base 10, all of the elements being united by a nut 27, which bears against the underface of The cylindrical extension is pro vided with a bore 28, to which leads a fuel supply pipe 29. Any suitable means may be provided for regulating the flow or feed of fuel through the pipe 29, fuel being fed to the bore 28, which is part of the fuel conduit, by gravity. In the bore 28 is disposed a nozzle 30, having a restricted outlet opening 31. Below this nozzle the bore 28 is restricted, as shown at 32, the communication between the restricted portion 32 of the bore and the nozzle being controlled by a check valve 33. The outlet of the nozzle is disposed a substantial distance below the outlet of the bore 28, and above the latter outlet is supported a conical spreader piece 34, to spread the vapor as it leaves the burner body 23. That portion of the bore 28, which is disposed between the lower end of the nozzle and the check valve, constitutes a vaporizing chamber, denoted by the numeral 35. As appears from Fig. 2 ofthe drawings, the spreader piece restricts the outlet of the bore 28. The velocity of the fuel vapor will thus be increased,as it leaves the fuel conduit. 7 p

The bowl 11 is provided at diametrically opposite portions thereof with two openings 36, which are connected by a yoke-shaped pipe 37, the latter extending across the said bowl above the burner body 23. In alignment with the said burner body. the pipe 37 is provided with a downwardly directed outlet 38, in the form of a nozzle. By this nozzle air, entering the openings 36, is directed against the burner body 23. The areas of the openings 36 are considerably in excess of the area of the outlet 38, so that a downward draft of air is directed against the vapor and the-flame leaving and disposed, respectively, above the burner body 23.

In the bowl is provided an overflow opening 39, connected with an overflow pipe (not shown), as usual in constructions of this type. On the underface of the bowl 11 is furthermore provided vaporizing chamber 40, to which leads a fuel supply pipe 41. This vaporizing chamber is connected by an aperture 42 with a pilot burner 43, the lower end of which communicates through small perforations 44 with the atmosphere. If the pilot burner is to be used in connection with izing chamber 1-0, which is pre-heated by a torch or other means, whereby the liquid fuel is vaporized, the liquid passing through the aperture 4-2 into the pilot burner chamber 43, drawing air through the perforations 44, so that the vapor burns within the burner chamber in the same manner as in a Bunsen burner. It is obvious that where coal gas or other gas is available, the pilot burner herein described may be used in connection therewith.

The operation of this device is as follows: After initial heat has been applied to the burner until the same is thoroughly heated and the pilot burner has been lit, the valve controlling the fuel supply pipe 29 is slowly opened. The liquid fuel raises the check valve 33 and passes into the. vaporizing chamber 35, wherein it is immediately vaporized. through the nozzle 30 and leaves the burner body 23 forcibly by reason of a vacuum which is produced above the burner in a manner hereinafter to be described, and is then ignited by the pilot light. The flame so produced causes a vacuum above the burner, drawing air through the concentric air passages between the base 10, bowl 11, the several bells and the burner body 23, the natural draft in the chimney connected with the burner producing air pressure for the same purpose, so that air sufficient for complete combustion of the oil and vapor is continuously obtained. The spreader 3st spreads the vapor outwards toward the wall of the furnace or the like. time a jet of air is directed downwardly against the flame, the said jet not only aiding in the spreading of the flame but furnishing air to the upper surface of the flame. The concentric air passages are disposed one above the other, so that the air is evenly distributed all over the flame, a fact which aids considerably in the complete combustion of the fuel. 'By actual experiments it has been shown that the combustion is so perfect that no smoke or noxious fumes are emitted from theburner. The check valve 33 is provided to prevent the oil vapor in the vaporizing chamber 35 from exerting pressure on the liquid fuel. If this check valve were not provided, the flame would be unsteady.

Any oil which may escape without being converted into vapor flows down the lip 24 on the burner body 23 into the depression 25 in the bell 19, and when this depression is filled into the depression in the bell 15. When this latter depression is filled, the oil flows into the bowl 11, and thence through the overflow opening 39 into the pipe connected with the latter. This will occur, of course, only in case the flame has been extinguished. In efficient operation of this liquid fuel the latter is led into the vaporburner, the oil is consumed as it issues from The vaporized fuel passes then At the same 1 the fuel conduit. However, if for some reason it should not be converted fully into vapor in the vaporizing chamber, the liquid fuel, as it flows toward the bowl 11 in the manner referred to, is converted into va, por by the highly heated bells.

Attention is'called to the fact that, while herein two bells have been shown and described, any other suitable number may be employed without departing from the invention. It will be noted from-the forego- 7 ing that in the burner herein described perfect combustion. is' obtained; the flame is always steady; and that soot cannot form in the fuel conduit 28 by reason of the fact that the vapor is forcibly ejected therefrom, as hereinabove'described. It is also to be noted that an oil burner constructed in accordance with the present invention is eX- tremely cheap and simple, is very durable, and is adapted to be used successfully in furnaces, stoves, etc.

What I claim is: e

1. A liquid fuel burner including a ringshaped base, a plurality of superposed ringshaped bodies on said base, the lowermost shaped bodies being provided with two openings at diametrically opposite portions thereof, and a yoke-shaped tube connecting said openings, said tube being disposed abovesaid base and said ring-shaped bodies and having an outlet directed downwardly upon said ring-shaped bodies.

2. In a liquid fuel burner according to claim l, the area of the outlet of said yokeshaped tube being considerably smaller than the combined areas of said openings.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York, and State of New York, this 6th day of November, A. D. 1924.

AUGUSTUS, MISCH. 

